Leptin and hyperleptinemia - from friend to foe for cardiovascular function.
نویسنده
چکیده
The obese gene product, leptin, plays a central role in food intake and energy metabolism. The physiological roles of leptin in human bodily function have been broadened over the past decade since leptin was first discovered in 1994. Evidence has suggested that leptin plays a specific role in the intricate cascade of cardiovascular events, in addition to its well-established metabolic effects. Leptin, a hormone linking adiposity and central nervous circuits to reduce appetite and enhance energy expenditure, has been shown to increase overall sympathetic nerve activity, facilitate glucose utilization and improve insulin sensitivity. In addition, leptin is capable of regulating cardiac and vascular contractility through a local nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. However, elevated plasma leptin levels or hyperleptinemia, have been demonstrated to correlate with hyperphagia, insulin resistance and other markers of the metabolic syndrome including obesity, hyperlipidemia and hypertension, independent of total adiposity. Elevated plasma leptin levels may be an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Although mechanisms leading to hyperleptinemia have not been well described, factors such as increased food intake and insulin resistance have been shown to rapidly enhance plasma leptin levels and subsequently tissue leptin resistance. These findings have prompted the speculation that leptin in the physiological range may serve as a physiological regulator of cardiovascular function whereas elevated plasma leptin levels may act as a pathophysiological trigger and/or marker for cardiovascular diseases due to tissue leptin resistance.
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متن کامل
Experimental hyperleptinemia in neonatal rats leads to selective leptin responsiveness, hypertension, and altered myocardial function.
The prevalence of obesity among pregnant women is increasing. Evidence from human cohort studies and experimental animals suggests that offspring cardiovascular and metabolic function is compromised through early life exposure to maternal obesity. Previously, we reported that juvenile offspring of obese rats develop sympathetically mediated hypertension associated with neonatal hyperleptinemia....
متن کاملResponse to role of hyperleptinemia in the regulation of blood pressure and cardiac function.
Response to Role of Hyperleptinemia in the Regulation of Blood Pressure and Cardiac Function We appreciate Dr Tsuda’s comments and observations on the involvement of nitric oxide in leptin-induced endothelial dysfunction and cardiac failure. We agree with Dr Tsuda that similar mechanisms might occur in neonatal leptin–treated rats. Because endothelial dysfunction represents an early form of vas...
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Background and Objective: It has been reported that low concentration of zinc in serum is associated with insulin resistance (IR), also appears to be a relationship between insulin and leptin. In this study the possibility of increased leptin concentration and zinc deficiency was evaluated; in the following, their relationship with overweight and IR was investigated in women with polycystic ova...
متن کاملRole of hyperleptinemia in the regulation of blood pressure and cardiac function.
Role of Hyperleptinemia in the Regulation of Blood Pressure and Cardiac Function To the Editor: We read with great interest the article by Dr Samuelsson et al1 dealing with the relationships between hyperleptinemia and blood pressure or myocardial function. The results of their study demonstrated that exposure to hyperleptinemia in neonatal rats might lead to early onset of hypertension, which ...
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عنوان ژورنال:
- The Journal of endocrinology
دوره 181 1 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2004